. Bollettino dell'U.S. Dipartimento di Agricoltura. Agricoltura; l'agricoltura. Cavallo-vola AjSTD agricoltura occidentale. 23 dolorosa da parte del processo di alimentazione è la perforazione della pelle. Il senior autore consentito una fame volare a mordere lui sul braccio. Ha realizzato numerose punture dolorose prima del pasto di sangue era com- pleted. Quando il becco è prelevato un po' di sangue di solito esce e si coagula sulla pelle. Animali mal morso hanno un sanguinario aspetto. A differenza di T. punctifer, quando questa specie ha perforato la pelle non è facilmente disturbato e può spesso essere pac- tured in mano. Bo

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. Bulletin of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. HORSE-FLIES AjSTD WESTERN AGRICULTURE. 23 painful part of the feeding process is the puncturing of the skin. The senior author permitted a hungry fly to bite him on the arm. She made several painful punctures before the blood meal was com- pleted. When the beak is withdrawn a little blood usually flows out and coagulates upon the skin. Animals badly bitten have a rather bloody appearance. Unlike T. punctifer, when this species has punctured the skin it is not easily disturbed and can often be cap- tured in the hand. Both males and females in captivity eagerly feed upon sweet substances. They were very fond of mint-flavored candy. Females in captivity could not be induced to bite a host. As discussed on page 31, this species was attracted to and fed upon a fresh beef hide, exposed bloody side out. Habits of Males and Mating. Males were rather abun- dant in grass near swampy areas. Several times males were observed to crawl down a grass stem or other object to the surface of water and drink. Several matings were ob- served in August, 1919, in a pasture where the grass was about knee high and quite dry. About 8.30 on a warm, bright morning two flies were seen mating in air about 8 feet above the ground. They were flying rapidly and soon came to rest on a stem of grass, where they were captured, still attached. Between 8 and 9 o'clock on another day four flies were observed in the air apparently all clinging together. After about 10 seconds they separated and flew away. A few minutes later two were seen in the air, but they soon separated and disappeared. Another pair mating in the air came to rest on a stem of grass, remained for a minute and a half, then separated and flew away. One pair mating in air were interrupted by two other flies, apparently of the same species. None of these were captured. Observations did not reveal whether mating began in flight or at rest. Oviposition. Egg masses we

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