5434 x 3432 px | 46 x 29,1 cm | 18,1 x 11,4 inches | 300dpi
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Ulcinj Dulcigno is a coastal town and municipality in Montenegro. Ulcinj finally gained its independence from the Turks on 11 January 1878 by the decision of the Berlin Congress (see Treaty of Berlin (1878)), only to be fully integrated into Montenegro nearly three years later, on 30 November 1880. The wider area of Ulcinj has been inhabited since the Bronze Age. Illyrian tombs (tumuli) found in the village of Zogaj, in the vicinity of Ulcinj, date back to the Bronze Age. The town is believed to have been founded in the 5th century BC by colonists from Colchis. The Colchian colonization is mentioned in the 3rd century BC, in a poem by Apollonius of Rhodos. Illyrians lived in the region at the time, and under Greek influence built immense so-called Cyclopean Walls. In 163 BC, the Romans captured Colchinium from the Illyrian tribe of Olciniates and renamed the town Olcinium (aka Ulcinium) after the tribe. Under Roman rule the town received the status of Opidum Civium Romanorum (Town with Special Privileges), only to be later granted Municipium (Independent Town) status. When the Roman Empire was split in two, Olcinium became a part of the Eastern Roman Empire (later known as the Byzantine Empire). Before the medieval period, Ulcinj was known as one of the pirate capitals of the Adriatic Sea. This is also seen during the later period of Illyrian Kingdom. Inhabitants of Ulcinj were known at the time of Christ, especially from 20 BC to around 300 AD, to be very confrontational to those who were foreigners to their land; they were especially meticulous about border disputes as well. In 1183, Rascian Grand Duke Stefan Nemanja conquered Olcinium and the town prospered as one of the most significant coastal towns. Ulcinj remained in Nemanjic hands till Emperor Dušan's death in late 1355. In 1356, Lord Balša I, the founder of the Zetan Balšić dynasty, was granted parts of former Dioclean territory, including Ulcinj, by Emperor Dušan's son and successor, Emperor Ur