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Components of a smallpox vaccination kit including the diluent, a vial of Dryvaxå¨ smallpox vaccine, and a bifurcated needle. Vaccinia (smallpox) vaccine, derived from calf lymph, and currently licensed in the United States, is a lyophilized, live-virus preparation of infectious vaccinia virus. It does not contain smallpox (variola) virus.The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) kept a stockpile of the drug to use in case of emergency. In 2003 this supply helped contain an outbreak of monkeypox in the United States. In February 2008 the CDC disposed of the last of its 12 million doses of Dryvax. Its supply is being replaced by ACAM2000, a more modern product. Smallpox is one of two infectious diseases to have been eradicated, the other being rinderpest, which was declared eradicated in 2011.
