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Small child who'd been stricken with smallpox, 1975. In 1968, the world's public health organizations, led by the United States and the then-Soviet Union, came together to join in the fight to eradicate smallpox from the world. Smallpox is a serious, contagious, and sometimes fatal infectious disease. There is no specific treatment for smallpox disease, and the only prevention is vaccination. The name smallpox is derived from the Latin word for "spotted" and refers to the raised bumps that appear on the face and body of an infected person. Smallpox is one of two infectious diseases to have been eradicated, the other being rinderpest, which was declared eradicated in 2011.
