Il mondo moderno, da Carlo Magno al tempo presente; con un'indagine preliminare dei tempi antichi . s così completamente che egli hasbeen chiamato uncrowned re d'Irlanda. Nel 1823 ha fondato la Chiesa cattolica asso-prezzamento che graduallyspread in ogni villaggio townand del GreenIsle. L'Associazione en-abili OConnell mettere hisideas prima di tutto na-tion rapidamente e in modo efficace.Nel 1828 la British par-liament è stato aperto a allirrespective della loro reli-gion, cioè membershipin anglicana di Churchwas non più necessaryfor officeholders e mem-ber del parlamento (§ 456).La prova giuramento, howe
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The modern world, from Charlemagne to the present time; with a preliminary survey of ancient times . s so completely that he hasbeen called the uncrowned king of Ireland. In 1823 he founded the Catholic Asso-ciation which graduallyspread into every townand village of the GreenIsle. The Association en-abled OConnell to put hisideas before the whole na-tion rapidly and effectively.In 1828 the British par-liament was opened to allirrespective of their reli-gion, that is, membershipin the Anglican Churchwas no longer necessaryfor officeholders and mem-bers of parliament (§ 456).The Test Oath, however, which contained a dec-laration against the Real Presence of Christ in the HolyEucharist (§ 456), still remained in force and barred the Cath-olics from the parliament. Taking advantage of his right ofelection, OConnell came before the people of County Clare ascandidate for the House of Commons. In spite of the govern-ments efforts, he was elected by an overwhelming majority.During the campaign he openly declared that if elected hewould present himself before parliament but would absolutely. Daniel OConnell. §743] THE REPEAL AGITATION 719 refuse to take the infamous oath against the Holy Eucharist.The excitement grew so intense that the government fearedanother civil war. To prevent it, WelHngton and Peel decidedto bring in an act abolishing all the civil and political restrictionson the Catholics. The act was passed a few days beforeOConnell presented himself before the House of Commons.Henceforth all public offices (a few excepted) and seats in theLords and Commons were open to Catholics. 743. The Repeal Agitation. — In 1830, OConnell at thehead of an Irish delegation entered the English parliament. Oneof the first questions that engaged their attention was theEstablished Church in Ireland, a branch of the Anglican Church.It was still supported by the tithes exacted from the im-poverished Irish peasantry, though the vast majority of themwere Catholics and did not acce
