. Impressioni della silvicoltura europea : lettere scritte durante un periodo di sei mesi " visita in Inghilterra e per il continente . Le foreste e la silvicoltura. La parte inferiore del ghiacciaio di Grindelwald, Svizzera. Con uno scorcio della foresta comunale IN PRIMO PIANO questi antichi diritti sono state eliminate dalle foreste demaniali. Ma forse dal suo cuscinetto sull'argomento ora in discussione, potrebbe essere in ordine brevemente riassumere come tali diritti divenne stabilita. Essi sono stati per la maggior parte, come è stato detto, un out- crescita del sistema feudale. In teoria non c'era un po' che com- mende stesso sotto che met

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. Impressions of European forestry : letters written during a six months' visit to England and to the continent . Forests and forestry. THE LOWER GRINDELWALD GLACIER, SWITZERLAND. WITH A GLIMPSE OF THE COMMUNAL FOREST IN THE FOREGROUND these ancient rights were eliminated from the state owned forests. But perhaps, from its bearing on the topic now under discussion, it may be in order briefly to summarize how such rights became established. They were for the most part, as have been said, an out- growth of the feudal system. In theory there was not a little that com- mends itself under that method of govern- ment. But its weaknesses outnumbered its good features and led to abuses which when finally they came to be corrected set in mo- tion forces that are at work even to the pres- ent day. Under the feudal system the com- mon people belonged to the land. In return • for the protection which they received from the baron, or count, or local prince and his fighting men, the people contributed to him a certain percentage of their labor and of their crops. To secure better protection the peo- ple lived in walled towns centering about the castle, the fields , outside being held more or less in common, while the forest was thought of as a place primarily devoted to hunting, in which the game was strictly reserved for the (64) count or baron and his friends. But as time went on it often became necessary to make concessions to the people, notwithstanding the fact that in many places they were gradually sinking from the status of freemen into that of serfs. Some of these concessions took the form of privileges to graze cattle, to run swine in the forest, or to take wood for do- mestic and other use. Gradually these usages became prescriptive rights and so finally it came about that the owner of the forest found it burdened by so many servitudes that he had only in part the say as to what he could do with his own property. Coming down to recent times we find that the servitude

Parole chiave associate all'immagine

• bookcentury1900
• bookdecade1920
• booksubjectforests
• bookyear1922