Still Life before an Open Window, Place Ravignan. Painting by Juan Gris. Oil on canvas, Synthetic Cubism, Still Life. Juan Gris is recognized along with Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque, and Fernand L ger as one of the four major figures in Cubism, the avant-garde 20th-century art movement that revolutionized European painting and sculpture. Gris was born in 1887 in Madrid, where he later studied engineering from 1902 to 1904. Gradually, he started to shift his attention to drawing and began creating illustrations for local periodicals. In 1906, Gris moved to Paris, to the Montmartre neighborhood, where he met Pablo Picasso, who introduced him to the leading avant-garde artists, poets, and critics of the time: George Braque, Guillaume Apollinaire, Gertrude Stein, Max Jacob, and Pierre Reverdy. Gris worked as a graphic artist, creating drawings for political and satirical magazines. Influenced by his environment, he started to pursue painting seriously in 1911. He made his artistic debut in the 1912 Salon of Independent Artists with The Portrait of Pablo Picasso 1912 , a painting that is considered one of the finest examples of Cubist portraiture.
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