. [Raccolte ristampe, 1912-1919. Mammiferi; mammiferi e uccelli. Febbraio, 1912. Mammiferi di Illinois e Wisconsin--Cory. 21. Origine delle arterie dall'arco aortico, illustrante tre dei vari tipi: I. Ox- 2, Lion* 3, Man. (Dopo Owen.) dal cuore dell uomo: 4, aorta; s, arteria polmonare; 6, la vena cava superiore;"7, pul- monary vene; 8, destra oreillette; 9, la vena cava inferiore; 10 il ventricolo destro; 11, padiglione auricolare sinistro; 12 leftve'ntri- cle; 13 aorta; 14, innominate arteria. (Dopo Tenney.J direttamente dall'aorta, o ancora ci può essere una destra e sinistra "innominate", da cui derivano i rispettivi carot

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. [Collected reprints, 1912-1919. Mammals; Mammals; Birds. Feb., 1912. Mammals of Illinois and Wisconsin—-Cory. 21. Origin of arteries from the aortic arch, illustrating three of the various types: I. Ox- 2, Lion* 3, Man. (After Owen.) Heart of man: 4, aorta; s, pulmonary artery; 6, superior vena cava;'7, pul- monary veins; 8, right auricle; 9, inferior vena cava; 10 right ventricle; 11, left auricle; 12 leftve'ntri- cle; 13 aorta; 14, innominate artery. (After Tenney.J directly from the aorta, or again there may be a right and left "innominate, " from which arise the respective carotid and brachial arteries, as in some of the Bats and Insectivores. The circulatory system is much further diversified in many other mammals, but enough has been said regarding the subject. The Lungs — The lungs of a mammal differ from those of the lower vertebrates by being separated from the abdominal cavity by a diaphragm. They are spongy masses made up of numerous air pass- ages and cells surrounded by a capillary network in which the blood, in passing through the lungs, absorbs oxygen, at the same time giving off carbon dioxide. In terrestrial forms they are more or less extensively lobated in form and are often not symmetrical, the num- ber of lobes differing in the two lungs of the same animal. Blood — The blood of mammals is red and warm, varying in tempera- ture in different species under normal conditions from a few degrees below to a few degrees above ioo° Fahr. The corpuscles are of two kinds: the colored non-nucleated flattened disks, having a circular outline*; and the less numerous "white corpuscles, " which are color- less and nucleated. The size of the red non-nucleating blood cor- puscles varies in different mammals, and this fact is often of im- portance in criminal trials as an aid in identifying human blood; but in such cases, while it is very often possible to determine that the blood in question is not human, by this test alone, it is not a

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• booksubjectbirds