. Un trattato sull'igiene e la salute pubblica è preferibile, in quanto fornisce un mezzo pronto di in-sj^ezione. Un'altra trappola viseful, i lavelli, e gli orinali è theone ideato da col. Waring, che è illustrato da Fig. 51, incapitator on Hospital Construction.IVater-dosets.-il tubo che si annodano l'armadio dell'acqua Avith thedrain-pijDe.in questo paese tutti i waste-waterpipes dalla parte superiore della casa sono di solito fatti per svuotare in it.Soil-pipes può essere fatto di piombo, ferro, e zinco. Gli inglesi danno il pre-ference al piombo, ma questo materiale è più costoso del ferro

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. A treatise on hygiene and public health . ial is preferable, as it affords a ready means of in-sj^ection. Another viseful trap forbasins, sinks, and urinals is theone devised by Col. Waring, which is illustrated by Fig. 51, inchapter on Hospital Construction.IVater-dosets.—The pipe con-necting the water-closet Avith thedrain-pipe is called the soil-pijDe.In this country all the waste-waterpipes from the upper part of the house are usually made to empty into it.Soil-pipes may be made of lead, iron, and zinc. The English give the pre-ference to lead, but this material is more expensive than iron, and is aptto sag out of place, and it is in danger of being perforated by rats, or bynails carelessly driven. It is also liable to be perforated by the corrosiveaction of sewer-gas, as has been clearly demonstrated by Dr. AndrewFergus. When lead is used, the pipes should be drawn or cast, and notsoldered together, as is sometimes the custom. In this country cast-ironpipes are considered to be superior to lead pipes. The chief objection. Pig. 73.—Bowers patenttrap. ball-and-water The Sewage Question: Edinburgh Med. Journal. 1878. SOIL AND AVATEK. 499 urged against them seems to be that they become coated from oxidation, and retain the fecal matter on account of their rough surface. Zinc andearthenware pipes are not often used for this purpose, nor are they desir-able. Iron soil-pipes should always be of the very best quality, uniformin casting, and of smooth finish. An excellent article may now be hadof domestic manufacture, which overcomes entirely the objection statedabove. It is the porcelain-lined pipe, which, on account of cleanlinessand durability, recommends itself to especial favor. The traps, bends, and other fittings are finished in the same manner. The joints should all be well leaded and well calked, and the entireline of pipes should be firmly supported to jorevent any strain upon thejoints. Due allowance must be made for the expansion and contractionof the meta

Parole chiave associate all'immagine

• bookcentury1800
• bookdecade1870
• booksubjecthygiene
• bookyear1879